Brewers Math

Keg (Forced) Carbonation Calculator

Regulator pressure to force-carbonate a keg to your target CO2 volumes at any temperature.

Temperature in the keg
Ales 2.2–2.6, lagers 2.4–2.8
Set regulator to -

How it works

Force carbonation reaches equilibrium when the CO₂ dissolved in the beer balances the head pressure in the keg. For a target carbonation level at a given temperature there is exactly one regulator pressure that holds it - colder beer and lower targets both need less pressure.

PSI = f(temperature °F, target volumes)
standard carbonation-pressure polynomial

Sources: carbonation-pressure relationship as used by Brewer's Friend.

Set the regulator and let the cold keg sit a week or two to equilibrate. The number is the equilibrium serving pressure, not a faster "burst" pressure.

Frequently asked questions

What CO₂ volumes should I target for my style?
Typical targets are 2.2–2.6 for British and American ales, 2.4–2.8 for lagers, and 3.0+ for German wheat beers and Belgian styles. Cask ales sit lower (~1.5). Set the target here and it tells you the regulator pressure to hold.
Why does colder beer need less pressure?
CO₂ is far more soluble in cold liquid, so a cold keg absorbs the same volumes of gas at a lower pressure. Warm the keg and you must raise the pressure to hold the same carbonation - which is why force-carbing works best near serving temperature.
How long does force carbonation take at set pressure?
Setting the regulator to the pressure shown and leaving the keg cold for 7–14 days reaches equilibrium hands-off. Shaking or rocking the keg speeds it up but makes it easy to over-carbonate, so check often if you rush it.

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