Brewers Math

BIAB Calculator (Brew In A Bag Water)

Full-volume Brew In A Bag water: total strike water, mash volume for kettle fit, strike temperature and pre-boil volume - no sparge.

~0.8 squeezed · ~0.96 not squeezed
Strike with 0 L of water
Heat strike water to- °C
Mash volume in kettle (with grain)- L
Pre-boil volume (bag pulled)- L
Lost to grain absorption- L

Strike water = total water because BIAB has no sparge. Check the mash volume against your kettle capacity (leave a few litres of headroom). Strike temperature is a starting point - preheat the kettle and stir well, then adjust to hit your mash target.

How it works

Full-volume BIAB uses one lot of water for the whole brew, so we add up everything that leaves the kettle - your target batch, evaporation during the boil, water the grain soaks up, and any trub/dead loss - to get the single strike volume. Mash volume adds the space the grain itself occupies so you can confirm the mash fits. The strike temperature uses the same heat-balance as the strike water calculator, at the water-to-grain ratio your full volume implies.

total (strike) water = batch + boil-off + grain absorption + losses
mash volume = strike water + grain × 0.67 L/kg (displacement)
pre-boil = batch + losses + boil-off
strike °C = mash°C + (0.40 / ratio) × (mash°C − grain°C)

Efficiency and evaporation vary between systems, and squeezing changes grain absorption, so treat these as close estimates and fine-tune to your own kit.

Sources: full-volume BIAB method per Brewer's Friend and Priceless Brewing's BIAB calculator; strike-temperature heat balance per John Palmer, How to Brew.

Frequently asked questions

What makes BIAB water different from a normal calculation?
Brew In A Bag is full-volume, no-sparge: you put all your water in the kettle at once and mash the grain in a bag. So your strike water equals your total water - there is no separate sparge. The tool adds up batch size, boil-off, grain absorption and any losses to give that single all-in number.
Should I squeeze the bag?
Squeezing recovers wort the grain would otherwise hold, so it lowers your effective grain absorption (this tool defaults to about 0.8 L/kg for a squeeze, versus ~0.96 for a lautered mash). Squeezing raises efficiency and there is no downside for tannins at mash temperatures - lower the absorption figure if you squeeze hard.
Will my mash fit the kettle?
The mash volume figure is your strike water plus the space the grain itself takes up (grain displaces roughly 0.67 L per kg). Compare it to your kettle capacity, leaving a few litres of headroom for a boil, to check the full-volume mash fits before you start.

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